Indonesia’s Balance of Payments Registered US$4.0 Billion Surplus in Q4/2009
Indonesia's balance of payments in Q4/2009 posted a surplus of US$4.0 billion, up
from a surplus of US$3.5 billion in Q3/2009. This surplus is encouraged by the
performance of both the current account and the capital and financial account. In
response, international reserves at end-Q4/2009 mounted to US$66.1 billion,
equivalent to 6.5 months of imports and official debt service payments (as of January
2010, international reserves reached US$69,9 billion).
The current account in Q4/2009 recorded a more robust US$3.4 billion surplus
compared to US$2.2 billion in Q3/2009. This improvement was explained mainly by
buoyant exports driven by the ongoing recovery in the global economy and rising
prices of some main export commodities. The resurgent export performance was still
dominated by resource-based commodities requiring comparatively little imported
raw materials. Exports were also bolstered by higher oil prices and increased volume
of LNG exports with Trains 1 and 2 of Tangguh LNG plant entering operation. These
developments have resulted in faster export growth than import.
During the same period, the capital and financial account posted a US$1.4 billion
surplus primarily resulted from surplus on direct investment and portfolio investment.
Although pressures on international financial markets prompted a drop in foreign
investor risk appetite and hence triggered outflow of capital in certain instrument in
December 2009, the overall portfolio investment surplus still improved in Q4/2009
compared to one quarter earlier. The positive condition of the capital and financial
account was attributable to stable domestic macroeconomic conditions and
improving global liquidity.
For the whole 2009, the current account surplus reached US$10.6 billion,
considerably greater than the US$0.1 billion surplus in 2008. Similarly, the capital
and financial account managed a US$3.7 billion surplus, a turnaround from a deficit
of US$1.88 billion in 2008. Taken together, the overall 2009 balance of payments
charted a US$12.5 billion surplus, which compares to the US$1.95 billion deficit in
2008.
Sources: www.bi.go.id









